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Project information

Enable New Occupant Seating Positions

F.J. López-Valdés J.R. Jiménez-Octavio A. Carnicero C. Rodríguez-Morcillo C.M. Vives-Torres J.M. Asensio-Gil M. Valdano

March 2021 - June 2024

Funding entity Centre Européen d´Etudes de Sécurité et d´Analyse des Risques (CEESAR)

Participated by Toyota Motor Europe, Faurecia Automotive Seating, Federal Highway Research Institute Germany, Laboratory of Accidentology, Biomechanics and Human Behavior, Autoliv Research, University Gustave Eiffel, Cellbond


The objective of the ENOP project is to generate reference data that can be used in the validation of HBMs and ATDs in new postures such as reclined postures and investigate new injury types, which might be expected in AV. To this end, 15 PMHS sled tests of 15 mid-sized males in five different seating positions is performed (three PMHS tests per condition, no repeat tests on the same PMHS). These seating positions include various degrees of reclined seat back and seat pan inclination angles.


Layman's summary: Biomechanics of reclined occupants in frontal impacts



ENOP